The History of Vaccines - 3022 Words

Joseph Albietz explicates what vaccination is and how â€Å"vaccine is safe† for people to be able to use it without having to overwhelm with startled facts about the linkages between the 2009 H1N1 epidemic and autism. John E. Calfee enlarges Albietz information by providing proof of scientific findings. The findings that Calfee provided for us was how some scientists â€Å"failed to replicate Wakefields results and in fact had ruled out any connection between autism and any vaccine, including the MMR vaccine.† (Calfee) Karin Decoster and Richard M. Eckersley both contradict what Albietz and Calfee have to say. Decoster asserts the false interpretation of how the government is promoting flu when â€Å"no one wants the vaccination so they have to push it and advertise it.† (Decoster) Eckersley relates the vaccination leading to drug abuse in a broader environment such as having disadvantages of acquiring the vaccination shot. I approve both Albietz and Calfee beca use they provided with many findings and researched that makes it credible to the reader. I think that vaccination itself cures many infectious diseases, but does not relate to affecting the people and their child with Autism or any other brain development issues. Before attending the school year, students from kindergarten to 12th grade have to take some sort of immunization. It is a requirement to show documentations to the school about the vaccines that the students took during their doctor’s check-up. Many infectiousShow MoreRelatedThe History of Vaccines594 Words   |  2 PagesThe history of vaccines began with the creation of a smallpox vaccination developed by Edward Jenner and ended in extreme debate as more locations require vaccines despite dangerous side effects. Forty-two states have mandatory vaccine policies and many children are required to receive at least 22 vaccinations before the first grade. Vaccinations, a controversial topic among medical professionals, should not be mandatory due to possible health risks. Despite common belief, vaccinations are actuallyRead MoreEssay on The History of Vaccine1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe Matter of Vaccine When children are born and for the first two years of their lives, they receive multiple shots and drops of vaccines. These vaccines protect them from getting diseases that were deadly and common in children many decades ago. Vaccine is one of the greatest achievement in medicine history. There were thousands of lives lost in the battle with some of the terrifying diseases like smallpox and polio. Now, after years of vaccine invention, vaccination spread in many countries whichRead MoreThe History of Vaccines and Immunization4179 Words   |  17 PagesThe History Of Vaccines And Immunization: Familiar Patterns, New Challenges Alexandra Minna Stern and Howard Markel Abstract Human beings have benefited from vaccines for more than two centuries. Yet the pathway to effective vaccines has been neither neat nor direct. This paper explores the history of vaccines and immunization, beginning with Edward Jenner’s creation of the world’s first vaccine for smallpox in the 1790s. We then demonstrate that many of the issues salient in Jenner’s era—suchRead MoreThe Science And History And Development Of The Influenza Vaccines1737 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that claim to protect against influenza. The extent to which the influenza vaccine reduces the risk of disease under controlled conditions is known as the vaccine s efficacy. The testing of vaccine efficacy is quite stringent and involves Phase I, II, and III trials. Two of which, are double-blinded placebo controlled trials. Influenza adapts, and mutates such that is never the same from year to year, and therefore makingRead MoreCholera Symptoms, Causes, Vaccine, Treatment and History1672 Words   |  7 PagesCholera is no longer considered a critical health threat in North America and Europe due to filtering and chlorination of water supplies.However, it still affects developing countries and especially the children inhabiting them. (Balakrishnan/ 2008) History Filippo Pacini It was believed that cholera was caused by an exorbitant production of bile by the patient before the study of bacteria gained importance and before microorganisms were linked to infectious diseases. In the 1800s this explanation wasRead MorePrevention And Prevention Of Vaccination1447 Words   |  6 PagesVaccination is a form of artificial immunity that works with and jumpstarts the body’s own immune system to protect the body from various pathogenic organisms. An article by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (2013) states that to understand vaccines, it is best to first understand how the human immune system works. When germs, such as bacteria or viruses, invade the body, they attack cells and multiply. To protect the body from further infection, the immune system acts as a security system andRead MoreVaccines And Its Effects On Children1010 Words   |  5 PagesVaccines Debates have risen lately whether or not to vaccinate children. Although vaccines potentially cause negative side effects, they are a common procedure for most families each year. Over time, several case studies have developed highlighting these side effects and raised concern about whether or not to accept vaccines. However, many people are not familiar with the typical vaccine and what it actually does once inside the body. â€Å"A vaccine is consisted of killed or weakened versions of aRead MoreVaccinations And The Prevention Of Infectious Diseases Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesKristen DeFlorio Student ID: 22339369 Introduction to Biology, SCI120 Research Project Number 25011100 11/29/2016 VACCINATIONS â€Æ' Throughout history, vaccinations have been used to help the prevention of infectious diseases; some of which can produce serious illnesses, crippling disabilities, and ultimately be the cause of death. There is evidence of ancient culture’s attempting to treat transmittable diseases with various forms of inoculations. Developments in the research of vaccinations increasedRead MoreMandatory Vaccinations Of School Age Children1473 Words   |  6 Pagesearly as the 1800s (History of Vaccines). Major anti-vaccination movements began around 1815 during the smallpox epidemic in England (History of Vaccines). Doctor Edward Jenner conducted an experiment where he tested the vaccine first on cows, and later proved it effective on children (History of Vaccines). Jenner’s experiment consisted of taking a lymph from a cowpox blister and inserting it into the blood stream of the patient (History of Vaccines). News about the vaccine brought hope to parentsRead MoreA Call for Vaccin ations 865 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Vaccines save lives; fear endangers them. Its an unpretentious message parents need to keep hearing.† –Jeffery Kluger. The change in seasons can be intense for some people. It triggers them to become ill and get sick if they do not take care of themselves. Children, among these people, are more prone to becoming ill because their immune systems are not yet fully developed. A great number of parents do not know that getting their children vaccinated when recommended by doctors is a simple solution

BLR Savings Project P Free Essays

Data Code of Conduct We, in our dealings, are self-regulated by a Code of Conduct as enshrined In the Data Code of Conduct. We request your support In helping us adhere to the Code In letter and split. We request that any violation or potential violation of the Code by any person be promptly brought to the notice of the Local Ethics Counselor or the Principal Ethics Counselor or the CEO of TTS. We will write a custom essay sample on BLR Savings Project P or any similar topic only for you Order Now All communication received in this regard will be treated and kept as confidential. 2 Table of Content 4 2. Project 3. Scope of 4. Suggested Solution by TTS 6 5. Technology and Tools ? 7 6. Facts and 9 7. Highlights . 8. Benefits to the Customer ? 3 The customer is one of the leading financial services companies in the United Kingdom (I-J). They have over 7. 5 million people investing in various life assurance, pension, investment and general insurance plans. This is one of Auk’s top 50 companies in the Financial Times and Stock Exchange (FETES) Index and its operations are spread across the world, mainly in the United States (US), France, Netherlands, Germany and I-J. This leading financial services company makes financial security easier to achieve for millions of people. Through the range of general insurance and protection products that the company offers, it helps protect lives, health, homes and belongings of millions of people. 2. Project Background The customer, based in the I-J, has entrusted Data Consultancy Services (TTS) with the task of managing the today-day IT operations of various business units. This engagement aims to deliver administration services of high quality to the customer’s Wealth Business Unit at reduced costs, increased efficiency and reduced time to deliver projects. The following systems form a part of the Wealth Delivery Unit: Future Product Framework The Future Product Framework (OFF) system plays a central role in the customer’s Pension and Investment business and in the customer’s strategic Pensions and Bonds administration system. OFF was implemented in 1999. It was designed to provide flexibility in products to meet customer requirements. OFF is a rules and derivative system and has the capability to launch products to the market quickly. UNIt Linked PENsion UNIt Linked PENsion (UNEVEN) is the customer’s legacy system that was developed in- house and was originally implemented in 1980. Since 2001, many of its functions eve been replicated within the newer OFF system, and as a consequence almost all new pension contracts are set up on OFF rather than on UNEVEN. Some parts of UNEVEN have been replaced by separate applications such as Individual Pension Claims (PC) and Pensions Increments (PINCH). PC The PC is an online system that enables the creation, maintenance, and printing of Personal and Corporate pension quotations based on the customer pension plans. This system handles retirement, death and transfer out. It is predominately an online system. Quotation documents are composed using SF. PC was implemented in 1992. PINCH The PINCH system was built to replace the existing UNEVEN renewal routines and to provide dados Benefit Statements and online illustrations. It is primarily used to produce Benefits Statements and Incremental Illustrations for Individual and Occupational Pensions. It was implemented in 1994. Group Pensions The Group Pensions system handles the administration of the following pension products: POP, POP and the Group Pension schemes with respect to maintaining member records and renewal processing. It also administers the settlement of claims for deaths and retirements, including producing claim quotations. Valuations The Valuations system performs the valuation of policies across various applications within this account to finally arrive at a valuation of customer’s business. Agency, Customer, Finance and Healthcare These systems coordinate with the business to align with the business with respect to Agency and customer details. 5 3. Scope of Work The scope of this engagement is to provide application development and maintenance services across both the legacy and strategic systems of the customer’s Wealth Business Unit. TTS provides the following services to the Wealth Business Unit: Management of all the phases of the project lifestyle How to cite BLR Savings Project P, Papers

Zara Case Essay Example

Zara Case Essay Q1a. Should the company upgrade the POS terminals to a modern operating system? It might not be in the retailer’s best interest to perform such upgrade, as the new system will replace three of the existing legacy systems in terms of ordering and fulfillment. The IS department will perceive such upgrade as a radical move and is expected to show high resistance in response to it. Even though Zara has a decentralized decision making process, the retailer’s IS department exercises absolute autonomy on the IT infrastructure and design. The fact that â€Å"only one person had left the department† in the past 10 years further confirms that the retailer is suffering from cognitive and action inertia, and thus creating a huge barrier for such upgrade. Nevertheless, Zara should still perform such upgrade in the long run. Q1b. Should the company build in-store networks? Yes, it will remove some redundancies in daily operations. For instance, employees no longer have to collect data physically from each POS terminal in order to obtain daily sales totals. In-store network will also enable store managers to have a more comprehensive understanding of sales activities on both a consolidated level and section (Men, Women, or Children) level. Q1c. Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in their own stores? Yes, this will result in a more efficient and systematic stock auditing and ordering process. In specific, it will not only provide store managers with updated inventory balances, it also helps them when reviewing the latest offer from La Coruna and preparing â€Å"the order† in the face of the narrow 24-hour order window. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer On the other hand, the store product managers can now retrieve more reliable and updated sales figures from each store. This enables the managers to be more effective when making store-to-store transfers. The commercials responsible for matching aggregate supply with demand from each store will demonstrate higher quality of decision making, especially when allocating inventory amongst stores in times of shortage of an SKU. Last but not least, the improved inventory figures will result in a better production schedule and planning that reflect the constantly changing customer demand for different SKUs. Q1d. Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in other stores? If employees have the ability to look up inventory balances of their own stores, granting employee access to inventory balances for items in other stores is icing on the cake. The is because store managers can have better inventory control, and will be in a better position respond quickly to unexpected surge of demand for a particular item. In the event that commercials at La Coruna didn’t deliver the full amount of a specific item that the store ordered, the store manager can immediately seek for â€Å"help† from stores that have extra inventory and thus capturing sales that might otherwise be lost. Q2. What is the Zara â€Å"business model†? How is it different from the business model of other large clothing retailers? What weaknesses, if any, do you see within this business model? Is it scalable? What information does Zara need to operate its business model? Zara â€Å"business model† The Zara business model is to link customer demand to manufacturing and link manufacturing to distribution. Terefore, Zara needs to respond very quickly to the demand of target customers, who are young, fashion conscious city dwellers with fast changing tastes. Differences between Zara and other large clothing retailers The business model is different from other large clothing retailers in the followings: -Zara does not rely on advertising and marketing to drive their business. It only spent 0. 3% of its revenue in marketing, as compared to 3% to 4% in other large clothing retailers. -The lifespan of the clothes is short. On average, 75% of its merchandise are sold within 3 to 4 weeks. -The decision making in Zara is decentralized. The employees in Zara are empowered to decide what garments to be put in the stores. The â€Å"commercials† at La Coruna have great discretion in deciding what clothes would be designed and produced, unlike other companies which use a small elite team for design and production. Weaknesses within Zara Business Model -Since Zara has a short lead time for delivering products, it keeps no buffer stock and most, if not all, logistics arrangements were centralized at the head office in La Coruna. This makes Zara very vulnerable to accidental incidents. -As the store managers are empowered to decide what products to be put in the store, their business sense are crucial. However, since the store managers are not expertise in this area, they may not be able to pick hot items and certain sales opportunities may be lost. Information needed to operate in this business model -To operate this business model, the store managers should have the access to accurate and updated sales and inventory data for them to decide what to order and what not to order. In addition, they should know the availability of the products they would like to order eg. by having access to the inventory level of other stores. -With the tight order deadline with La Coruna, the store managers need on-time inventory balance to plan for the re-order point and optimal order quantity. Q3. What current or potential weaknesses do you see in Zara’s IT infrastructure and IT strategy? IT infrastructure -Critical core services are relying on out-dated O/S (Operating System) and Hardware Technology, where failure of the services could heavily impact normal operations. As the Zara in-house POS system is implemented on an O/S which the vendor has dropped support, no official fix will be prepared once system or software bugs are identified which might lead to unstable system behavior or security leakage. -Running critical services on out-dated O/S will also limit the compatibility and extensibility with the improving software and hardware. This will prevent Zara from sustaining business growth by further improving scalability of services using enhanced hardware architecture or enhanced networking capabilities with other IT software/inventory systems. Moreover, as IT hardware is improving in a rapid pace, legacy hardware components might not be available in the market for Zaras purchase. Zara might face difficulties in purchasing commercial license for O/S that vendor has dropped support. -Unconnected terminals between headquarters and POSs might implied out-sync or inconsistent information sharing in time-critical information such as inventory. Bottl eneck in information sharing or slow responsiveness from customers query are fatal to real time sales, especially Zara is focusing on Fast Fashion Business and place Inventory Management as their competitive advantage. IT strategy -Zara fails to identify how IT can further improve and achieve the companys competitive advantage. For example, while Zaras success based heavily on competitive Inventory Management, the company fails to further improve it by enhancing communications of instant inventory data delivery to front line sales. -Zara fails to recognize the dependency on IT to achieve competitive advantage and it does not perform continuous improvement (or innovation). This will make Zara moving from Strategic Mode to Factory Mode especially when other companies are catching up Zara with similar strategy. Zara does not have dedicated planning, decision making or leading role for IT operations and strategic planning. While the General management core could share these responsibilities, they cannot concentrate their focus on IT incident management (upon system failure) and they do not have up-to-date knowledge and technical exposure for strategic planning, expansion and upgrade decision. For insta nce, Global CIO (Chief Information Officer) and/or Chief Operations Officer) should be employed for Global directions/planning and local CIO/COO (per region) should be assigned for local incident management and business process improvement. Zara does not have solid planning on ever greening of IT services. Ever greening of IT services will ensure the Company placing their IT assets on compatible and up-to-date O/S and hardware where vendor support or human expertise can be located promptly and efficiently for resolution against service failure or consultancy on service improvement. There is no regular strategic alignment with Company’s goal. Regular strategic alignment can help adjusting Zaras IT direction. -There is no constant operational improvement. Constant operational improvement is important for the optimization of IT work flow. It can reduce unnecessary IT overhead and improve service responsiveness. Also, Zara should reshuffle hardware resources after constant review of system usage. This will improve hardware utilization, which in turn improves Zaras ROA (Return on Assets). -There is no strategy to enhance extensibility which is the key to information sharing success. Great flexibility and readiness to interface with different data sources will improve Zara’s ability to perform data analysis or forecasting and to achieve fast responsiveness to fashion change or new source of marketing statistics.

Are We Losing Our Freedom essays

Are We Losing Our Freedom essays Are we losing our freedom? The answer is yes, we are. Phone lines are tapped legally but without the owners consent, e-mails and credit card numbers are read and stolen, and personal information are becoming not personal any longer. Parties, including the government, special interest groups, as well as ordinary citizens, are quietly leeching our freedom away. The government has done a large part in slowly taking our freedom. In recent months, some people are arrested for owning child pornography, some of those have only kept this pictures for their own private use and have not use these materials to affect others lives. I am not saying a agree on child pornography, but this is a clear example of how the government is digging into an individuals private life in an attempt to arrest those who has done nothing to harm the general public. Since a lot of people are standing with the government on arresting the child pornographic owners, this could mean that the government might use this power to control other aspects of our lives- aspects of ones life that would affect nobody but themselves. Our fellow citizens are also slowly taking the vast majoritys population of the freedom. Take the gay rights protestors for an example. In 1984, Trudeau passed a law that states that gay relationship is legalized and that bedroom businesses none of the governments business. In year 2000, these gay protestors are taking their bedroom businesses out of the bedroom and onto the streets! These people want to be socially accepted, and they want to integrate this aspect of bedroom life into the education system. So children, no matter if they want any part of the guy issue or not, are being force to learn and accept homosexual behaviour. This is a clear invasion of the vast majoritys freedom. All the society is talking about is gay rights, how the homosexual must have rights. Then, where are ou ...

SAT Math vs ACT Math Whats the Difference

SAT Math vs ACT Math What's the Difference SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Which is better/easier/faster- the SAT Math section or the ACT Math section? How does each stack up over the course of the entire test? Most importantly, which math section is right for you? We’ll break down both the similarities and differences in this SAT Math vs ACT Math guide and help you decide which standardized test suits you better. SAT Math vs ACT Math: Test Organization First, let us look at how each test is structured as a whole and how each math section fits into that overall form. ACT Test Organization The ACT is broken into four sections (five, if you take the ACT + Writing), making for a two-hour and 55-minute test (or a three-hour and 35-minute test), not including break times. Each topic section is taken all at once, meaning they are not broken into smaller subsections, and the topics will always appear in the same order. Here is an overview of the ACT Math section: ACT Section Order on Test # of Questions Total Time Time per Question Math 2 (after English) 60 60 mins 60 sec The ACT Math section will always be the second section and therefore will always be sandwiched between ACT English and ACT Reading. You'll have no opportunity to come back to the Math section once your time is up, so you'll have to balance your timing and strategies yourself. Even if you have an extra 10 minutes left on the Reading section, you can't come back to answer more questions on the Math section. This kind of structure tends to appeal to those who can focus on one task for long stretches of time or those who like to finish tasks completely before moving on. The trade-off is, of course, that you'll need to be vigilant when taking the section (if, for any reason, you always get very sleepy in the second hour of taking a standardized test, there goes your entire Math score!). SAT Test Organization The SAT has three main sections (four if you take the SAT with Essay) that, like the ACT, will always appear in the same order. The test is a total of three hours (three hours and 50 minutes with the optional Essay), with the Math section taking up 80 minutes total. Similar to the ACT, once the Math section is over, you'll have no opportunity to go back and answer any questions you might have missed. Here is an overview of the SAT Math section: SAT Math Section Order on Test # of Questions Total Time Time per Question No Calculator 3 (after Writing) 20 25 mins 75 sec Calculator 4 38 55 mins 87 sec The SAT Math section is the only section on the test that's broken up into two segments: a No Calculator subsection (for which you may not use a calculator) and a Calculator subsection (for which you may use a calculator). The No Calculator section comes first after Writing and is 25 minutes long, whereas the Calculator section comes afterward and is 55 minutes long. The SAT testing structure tends to appeal to those who feel more confident in their math abilities and don't need or want to rely on a calculator as much. You'll also get more time per question with the SAT Math section than you will with ACT Math, so it's ideal for those who'd like more time to solve problems and check their answers (we'll talk more about this in detail later). The difference between the two test structures mostly depends on how you like to test. For some people, solving math problems without being able to check them with a calculator is a huge challenge. Others might prefer getting the math section done as early as possible. There is no "better" test design for everyone- just the one that appeals to you more or works better for you specifically. Each test will always have its own predictable structure so there will never be any surprises. SAT Math and ACT Math: Question Types Although many of the math topics covered by the SAT Math section and the math topics covered by the ACT Math section are the same or similar (with some notable exceptions- we'll talk about this more in a moment), the way each test presents its questions is markedly different. Now that we've seen how each exam is organized, let's look at the type and presentation of each math question on the SAT and ACT. ACT Math Question Types The ACT tends to present math questions in a fairly straightforward manner. The questions may test you on challenging mathematical concepts, but they are not specifically designed to test your reading comprehension, nor are they set up to lure you to select bait answers. Basically, ACT Math questions test how well you have memorized a particular math concept and whether you can appropriately recognize and utilize it when necessary. Again, this is not to say that ACT Math questions are easy- many of them are quite challenging- but they're designed to test how well you know specific math concepts and not how well you can solve a puzzle you've never seen before, or how well you can translate a long paragraph that sets up an unusual math scenario. For example: Do you know what a rational number is? And: Do you know how to find the tangent or cosine of a particular angle? (For answers and step-by-step tips on how to solve these questions, check out our guide to the hardest ACT Math questions.) Note that each question gives you five answer choices, so you will always have a 20% chance of getting a question right, even if you were to just venture a guess. You will not be provided with any formulas on the test, so you must have them all memorized before test day. (For a complete list of formulas to know for the ACT, check out our guide to the 31 formulas you'll need to memorize.) Compared to the SAT, the ACT covers a slightly wider range of math topics, such as graphs of trig functions, matrices, and logarithms, none of which is on the SAT. But you must only memorize a few specific rules and formulas for each topic. In addition, geometry makes up about 35-40% of ACT Math but a far smaller percentage of SAT Math, so if you're really good at geometry, the ACT might work better for you. Essentially, the ACT casts a wider mathematical net than the SAT does, but each topic is covered a little more shallowly (except for geometry). SAT Math Question Types The SAT Math section is very similar to the ACT Math section in that questions generally test the same broad math topics (with a large emphasis on algebra) and are all fairly straightforward. In terms of content, the SAT has a much smaller focus on geometry than the ACT does (less than 10% of SAT Math is geometry questions). Furthermore, SAT Math tests fewer math concepts as a whole. While the ACT has slightly more questions that deal with trigonometry, the SAT only has a few at most, so if you're not really good with sines, cosines, and tangents, the SAT might be a better fit for you. The SAT Math section does have a large emphasis on word problems and data analysis, more so than the ACT Math section does. The data analysis problems are often connected across many questions as well. For example: Can you understand how algebra relates to a real-life scenario? And: Do you know how to interpret tables and charts? In terms of formulas and necessary information, the SAT will always give you a formula box at the beginning of both the No Calculator and Calculator sections. Despite this, we still suggest making time to memorize the most important formulas so there are no surprises on test day. Another big difference from the ACT Math section is that the SAT Math section has 13 grid-ins, or student-produced response questions, which account for a whopping 22% of questions on SAT Math. For these, you must come up with your own answer to a problem- there are no answer choices to choose from! Finally, as you could probably tell from the examples above, multiple-choice SAT Math questions will always have just four answer choices as opposed to the ACT's five answer choices. This gives you a slightly better chance (25%) of getting a question right if you were to guess. Each test gives you a slightly different array of math topics and problems, but, once again, there is no "better" test for everyone. If you are stronger in geometry and want to always have access to a calculator, then the ACT might be a better fit. On the other hand, if you like connected data analysis problems and are confident in your math abilities without a calculator, then the SAT might be the ideal exam for you. So let's talk scores (and hopefully none of us will be the throw on the top right). ACT Math vs SAT Math: Scoring For both the ACT and SAT, the balance of correct and incorrect answers gives you what is called a raw score, which is converted into a scaled score. Let’s break down this process and look at how each test differs in its scoring approach. ACT Scoring The entire ACT Math section is multiple choice with five different answer options. For each question on the ACT, you will earn the following points: +1 raw point for each correct answer 0 raw points for any incorrect or blank answer There is no penalty or negative points for wrong answers on the ACT. Once you have a raw score, you can convert it into a scaled score out of 36. This scaled score, in turn, will show you how you rank nationally in terms of your percentile, which indicates how you compare with other students who took the test. For example, if you scored in the 60th percentile, you scored better than 60% of all students who took the test (and 40% of all students received a higher score than you). For details on how to find your raw score, scaled score, and percentile, read our guides on how the ACT is scored and ACT percentiles and score rankings. SAT Scoring As we explained earlier, the SAT Math section is broken into a combination of multiple-choice and grid-in questions. For each question, you will receive the following: +1 raw point for each correct answer 0 raw points for any blank answer Like with the ACT, there is no point penalty for incorrect or blank answers on the SAT. The total raw score on the SAT Math section gets converted into a scaled score on a scale of 200-800. This scaled score will, in turn, give you your percentile ranking, which compares your scaled score to everyone else who took the SAT. To learn more about how to find your raw score, scaled score, and percentile, take a look at our guides on how the SAT is scored and SAT percentiles and score rankings. ACT Scores and Percentiles vs SAT Scores and Percentiles Now, let's look at a side-by-side comparison of the raw, scaled, and percentile scores of the ACT and the SAT, and the percentage of the Math section you must answer correctly in order to score in these zones. All data below comes from official SAT and ACT practice tests, and current SAT and ACT percentiles. (Note that these are general estimates for the raw score needed to get a certain scaled score on SAT and ACT Math. In reality, the exact raw score you'll need to get a certain scaled score differs a little with each test to account for differences in question content and difficulty.) ACT Raw Score ACT Scaled Score ACT Percent Questions Correct ACT Percentiles 16-18 16 27-30% 25th percentile 25-26 19 42-43% 50th percentile 34-36 24 57-60% 75th percentile 49-50 30 82-83% 95th percentile SAT Raw Score SAT Scaled Score SAT Percent Questions Correct SAT Percentiles 20 450 34% 25th percentile 28 520 48% 50th percentile 39 600 67% 75th percentile 52 730 90% 95th percentile As you can see, to get the same percentile on the ACT and SAT Math sections, you'd need to get a few more questions right on the SAT than you would on the ACT. For example, to get in the 95th percentile, you'd need to get around 52 questions right on the SAT Math section but only 49 or 50 questions right on the ACT Math section. For more tips on how to strategically select your answers for each test and generate the highest score, check out our guides on how to best guess on the SAT and how to best guess on the ACT. ACT Math and SAT Math: Time Per Question Now, let's look at how the time constraints for the ACT and SAT stack up against each other. ACT Timing The ACT gives you 60 Math questions to answer in 60 minutes, which gives you an average of 60 seconds per question. Remember, too, that the ACT also tests your mathematical stamina a little more so than the SAT does: unlike the SAT, which separates Math into two subsections (No Calculator and Calculator), the ACT gives you all 60 Math questions at once, with no break in-between. SAT Timing The SAT Math section is divided into two subsections (No Calculator followed by Calculator), each of which has its own number of questions and time constraint: SAT Math Section # of Questions Total Time Time per Question No Calculator 20 25 mins 75 sec Calculator 38 55 mins 87 sec Note that there is a short five-minute break between the No Calculator and Calculator sections, so you're not actually solving all these questions at once as you are on the ACT! As you can see, compared to the ACT, the SAT gives you a little more time per question on Math. You'll typically have anywhere from 15 to 27 seconds more per question on SAT Math than you would on ACT Math. If you're worried about having enough time for each math question, the SAT would probably be a better option for you. "And so the problem remained; lots of people were mean, and most were miserable, even the ones with digital watches." - Douglas Adams (Probably because digital watches are not recommended for the SAT or ACT!) Summary: SAT Math vs ACT Math To more easily see the two tests compared side-by-side, let us recap. The ACT Math section has the following characteristics: Appears second on the ACT, directly after English Contains two more math questions than the SAT does (60 total compared to 58) Is only one section, which allows you to use a calculator throughout as needed Gives you an average of 60 seconds per question Does not issue a wrong-answer penalty Is entirely multiple choice, with every question having five possible answer choices Will not provide you with any formulas Tests a slightly wider variety of math topics than the SAT does Has a much larger emphasis on geometry than the SAT does The SAT Math section, meanwhile, has the following characteristics: Appears third on the SAT, directly after Writing and Language Has two less questions than ACT Math does (58 total compared to 60) Is broken up into two subsections: No Calculator and Calculator Gives you an average of 75-87 seconds per question Does not issue a wrong-answer penalty Consists of a combination of multiple-choice and grid-in questions Has four answer choices for each multiple-choice question Will provide you with a box of formulas before each subsection Tests slightly fewer math topics than the ACT does Has more emphasis on data analysis and word problems than the ACT does Everyone will weigh their pros and cons differently. Don't judge your scale against anyone else's- your choice is ultimately up to you. ACT Math vs SAT Math: Which Test Is Better for You? Unfortunately, you won’t know which test you like better or which test suits your strengths unless you actually sit down and take a practice test of each (you can find free practice SAT tests and free practice ACT tests here). Take each complete test with the proper timing rules and then score your results (SAT scoring guides and ACT scoring guides). If the difference in your scores is huge (you can use current percentiles to get a feel for how "good" your scores are), you have a clear front-runner. If not, go with your gut or whichever test felt more comfortable for you. Colleges do not prefer one test over the other, so the choice is completely dependent on how you like to test. Although it might sound extreme to take two lengthy tests in your spare time, it's well worth it to find the right test for you. Think of it this way- If you’re going to dedicate the necessary hours to succeed (and we recommend that you study around 40 hours total!), then you might as well spend the first few of them figuring out which test you feel more comfortable with. It'd certainly be a waste of your time and effort if you spent 40 hours studying for the ACT only to decide that you actually like the SAT better! Taking a real practice test will also help you set realistic study and scoring goals, and help you figure out how to make the best use of your time, both before and during the test. Once you find your raw and scaled scores, you can start the process of setting realistic goal milestones until you get your score to where you want it to be. If your standardized test of choice is your big boss fight, it's best to pick the one you can soundly thrash. The Takeaways: Should You Take SAT Math or ACT Math? Again, there is no one true "better" test- only the test that better fits your own strengths and preferences. Once you take a practice test for both the ACT and the SAT and examine your scores and your feelings while taking each, you'll be able to clearly decide how to proceed. Remember that you must weigh the pros and cons of each Math section against the entire test as a whole. If you like the SAT Math section better but do a lot better on the ACT as a whole, then you must make the decision about whether your comfort level and Math score are more important than your score on the entire test. Standardized testing is all about balance, so take time to weigh your pros and cons carefully. And once you do this, only practice and diligence will help you strike that perfect balance and achieve your greatest testing potential. What’s Next? Want to compare the ACT vs the SAT across the whole test? Check out our complete ACT vs SAT guide to learn more about the nuanced differences between the two exams. Ready to make an SAT/ACT study plan? First figure out how long you should study for the ACT and how long you should study for the SAT. Running out of time on the ACT or SAT Math section? If you took a practice test but couldn't finish it in time, then check out our tips for how stop running out of time on ACT Math and SAT Math. Looking to get a perfect score? Our guides to getting a 36 on ACT Math and getting an 800 on SAT Math (both written by a perfect scorer!) will help get you where you need to be. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Our ideas of what it is to be British have fundamentally altered in Essay

Our ideas of what it is to be British have fundamentally altered in the last fifty years. Discuss - Essay Example British citizenship and nationality is governed by the British nationality law, which can be acquired by a descent from British nationals. In an historical context, British people refer to the ancient Britons, the indigenous inhabitants of the Great Britain (Hall, 2004:108). In essence, this paper will delve the present assertion that the ideas of what it is to be British have fundamentally altered in the last fifty years. The English are ethnic group of people from England, a country of the United Kingdom and commonly known to speak English. They originate from the early mediaeval where old English was spoken. They are the source of English language, the parliamentary systems, the common law system, and the numerous major sports. The Irish people are the ethnic group who originate in Ireland, which is an island in the Northwestern Europe. Descendants of the Irish live in many western countries especially the English speaking countries. Their immigration was caused by politics, famine, and economic issues. The Welsh people are the ethnic group and native of Wales and speak the Welsh language. They are common in the northern and western region. They share a common cultural heritage and shared ancestral origin. The Scottish people are an ethnic group native to Scotland, amalgamation of the Picts and the Gaels. They are tied to their linguistic, culture, family ancestors, and generic nature of origin. Th eir decency in many countries with emigration is attributed to highland and lowland clearances. The notion of the Britishness was shamed during the Napoleonic Wars between the Britian and the first French Empire that later developed further during the Victorian era. Britishness became mixed in much older identities of English, Scots and the Welsh culture with a distinct that resist the notion of a homogenized British identity. Controversies of British identity arise in the Northern Ireland in Leu of the longstanding

A childs education is increasingly dependent on the wealth and wishes Essay

A childs education is increasingly dependent on the wealth and wishes of their parents, rather than the ability of pupils themselves. Discuss - Essay Example It is true that a child’s education is increasingly dependent on the wealth and wishes of their parents, rather than the ability of pupils themselves? How accessible is education in the United Kingdom? What sorts of conflicts does the inaccessibility of education produce? These questions and many more will be addressed and applied to this holistic analysis of education in the United Kingdom. Education is supposed to be meritocratic in nature and the means through which people break through the cumbersome social barriers of class and privilege. Is it true that education is meritocratic and based upon the notion that education allows people to advance, progress and move forward in life? A basic premise of the sociology of education is that it promotes greater equality and is based upon merit and equal opportunity for all. The expansion of education in the past two hundred years in the United Kingdom remains an incredible advance which has purportedly increased social equality to the betterment of society. Less than one hundred years ago, the educational institutions of this country were effectively closed to women, ethnic minorities and a whole host of other groups. Incredibly, educational opportunities were denied to more than 50% of the population for centuries. The sociology of education emphatically argues that public schooling and universal education promotes social equality, social cohesion and is characterised by opportunities for progress and social growth. A fundamental underpinning of the sociology of education is that it is meritoocratically based and that it promotes great equlaity. Now that educational access has expanded across this country, is it true that education promotes social equality and is based upon the merits of individual students? According to scholars Persell & Cookson in their study of